I took my EMT class as a senior in high school. I was 17 when class started... had to be 18 by the time we started clinicals. I've heard of other programs requiring 18 to start, or 18 by end.
I also started volunteering with a search and rescue team a year prior to that, right around my 17th birthday with the only youth-based SAR team in the country. Not an explorers program or anything like that... a legitimate team that responds in the same capacity as every other team in the state.
It was one of the first teams in the state formed back in the 1950's. There was a need for organized, trained SAR volunteers and attempts to form one in my area with adults failed apparently due to their family/work commitments. Our founder was a creative high school counselor who thought that teenagers could fill the need... and it worked.
As far as EMS stuff goes, we train our members to a level between First Responder and EMT. Not everyone chooses to complete that training, and several who do fail out because we hold them to a standard and don't make exceptions for failure. Everyone completes BLS for Healthcare Providers, basic first aid, and patient packaging training, though.
I can tell you from the perspective of someone who was once a young person trained as an "Advanced First Responder", and now someone who helps teach it to youngins, that I do NOT think teenagers should be EMTs. The big difference between what we are teaching them and expecting them to do and that of what an EMT on the street does is that we focus strongly on basic triage, rescue, packaging, evacuation and most importantly, handing patients off to a higher level of care ASAP.
Critical patients are rare - I'd venture to say even rarer than in regular street EMS - because 99% of the time they're either basically fine or dead. I'm happy with our members who are really good at searching, starting the rescue/evacuation process, summoning the necessary resources, packaging the patient, and not harming them. The ability to get a BP or apply a traction splint is often more a luxury at that point because that stuff is not the priority in this segment of the continuum of the incident.
It's cool that you're getting some exposure, because I can say that I wouldn't be where I am today without my early SAR background, but I'm not so keen on the idea of young teenagers being firefighters or street EMTs. Yes, I learned how to assess a pt, backboard them, splint an extremity, etc before I reached the age of majority, but I spent most of my time trudging around in the woods looking for people. I was not driving emergent, being one of a two-person crew that is solely responsible for getting a sick person to the hospital, going in to burning buildings, performing heavy extrication...