1) You can discuss any detail with anyone who provided care during the incident for follow up/education, but not gossip. So, you could call and ask a doctor or nurse, "How is xyz doing?" If it's because you want to learn about your treatment and if you did anything right/wrong, could do something better, want to see other information to educate yourself. You can't call just to find out how they are because they go to your church and you want to let people know how they're doing.
2) You can provide details of a story as long as no identifying information is revealed. For example, if you said, "Last month I had a lady who wouldn't stop giggling", that's a lot different than if you said, "Tuesday I picked up a 63 yr old lady who lives in that weird house on the corner of Tuberculosis Rd and Influenza Ln. She wouldn't stop giggling".
Talk freely for the purpose of medical-related follow up. Don't give anyone else any identifying information.
This is usually worst when someone gets to the waiting room and says, "I think my son just got here, he's blond and has a blue shirt on". Well, frankly, giving any info would be violating Hipaa. You need to say, "I'm sure someone at this information desk can help you, let me show you the way there", rather than just saying, "Yep, we brought him in, he'll be ok".